Form for concrete construction.



J. 0. ELLINGER.

FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION} Patented June 15, 1915.

3 SHEETS SHEET 1.

VENTOR ATTORNEY N m /I' V, u

J. 0. ELLINGER.

FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE25, I910.

Patented June 15, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

- WITNESSES /6@ z THE NORRIS PETERS CO1, PHOTO-LITHOT, WASHINGTON. D. L.

1.0. ELLINGER.

FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25.1910.

Patented June 15, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

-I------:.-I-II I III THE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHO7U-LHHQ. WASHINGTON. D. C

JULIAN O. FILLING-ER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,.ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, OF ONE-HALF TO UNIVERSAL ELECTRIC VELDING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1915.

Application filed June 25, 1910. Serial No. 568,779.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JULIAN O. ELLINGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forms for Concrete Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to forms for concrete floors or ceilings, including concrete beams or girders as a part of such floor or ceiling, and has for a leading purpose the provision of a form of a nature which makes it highly practicable to permit it to remain as a part of the floor thereby obviating the expense which is now incurred inthe removal of the false work or forms, which expense not only involves the actual cost of such removal but also the additional cost of pointing up and refinishing the surfaces of the girders or beams and bodies of the floors or ceilings to remove the roughness caused by the removal of the forms.

A further leading object of the invention is to provide a form which may be shipped and stored in a knock-down condition which will occupy a minimum of space and may most quickly and readily be opened and assembled at the place of use, with a great saving in cost of labor in putting up the form.

Another leading object of the invention is to provide a form for concrete beams or girders embodying frame-elements which may remain as a part of the completed structure and will serve to protect the corners of the concrete.

Another of the leading objects is to proide a form which remains as a part of the completed structure and has an external exposed element which may readily be papered, painted or otherwise decorated, including embossing, if desired, to accord with the wishes of the user.

These and other important objects of the invention, which will hereinafter more fully appear, are well accomplished by the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings and which has been selected to exemplify the important features of the invention, without intending to restrict the invention to the illustrated details thereof, as it is recognized that many changes may b m de n su h details and the invention embodied in many apparently widely different forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure l'is a perspective view of the portion of a form for concrete floors or ceilings at and adjacent to the intersection of a girder and beams, showing sufficient of the form to disclose what is now regarded to be the best detail embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detail view there of, on the plane of the line 2-2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a similar detail view on the line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail inverted plan view of one of the beam-forms, on a reduced scale, showing means whereby its side members are connected with each other so as to permit the form to be collapsed, the dotted outline of one side member'indicating the collapsed position. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of a connecting clip employed in the system; Fig. 6 is a view on a smaller scale of a modified constructlon.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

In a general way it may be stated that each beam-form A and girder-form B of the present system is composed of a frame whose side members, marked 0;, a, and b, b, respectively, support side walls 0, c, and bottom walls Z, whichare separable therefrom. The side members of each beam-form are connected with each other by one or more links 10 pivoted thereto in such manner that v the form may be collapsed for transportation or storage and readily expanded atthe place of use so as to standside by side, in suitable spaced relation to include the concrete of the beam or girder betweenthem.

The form for the body of the floor or ceiling is composed in large part of members C which are independent of each other for 7 storage and shipping purposes, and when the wall is assembled, support a bottom wall 0 which is separable therefrom. When the parts are assembled these members have their ends suitably connected with the upper portions of the beam-forms A and they connect each of said forms-with its neighbor and are arranged in spaced relation along the length of the beam-form from one girder-form to the neXt one. The upper pa ts of the beam and girder forms A and B are laterally open above the plane of the bottom wall 6 for the admission thereto of the concrete forming the floor or ceiling, so that the concrete is integral throughout and is reinforced by the portions of the members C and the open upper parts of the forms A and B.

The forms A and B and members C not only provide forms in which the concrete is molded, but further may be intended to form a permanent part of the ceiling or floor. The several walls 0, (Z and e are exposed in the completed structure and may and preferably are permitted to remain, but being separable from the frame they may, if desired, be removed, preferably after the concrete has set, in which event the remaining parts of the form will serve to reinforce the concrete and protect corners and sides thereof.

It is to be understood that the foregoing has reference particularly to the herein illustrated embodiment of my invention and sets forth leading characteristic features of such embodiment. It will also be understood that a structure which embodies these characteristic features possesses the utmost importance in this art, and for this reason some claims more or less restricted thereto are incorporated in the present application. It should be noted, however, that these characteristic features are several and also that the purposes of the present invention may be accomplished to a greater or less degree with others than the herein illustrated detail embodiments of the several features. For this reason, the invention in its broader aspects is not to be construed as restricted to the detail embodiment herein illustrated, either with respect to the entire structure or to the members thereof, and it is to be understood that the several features may be variously embodied either in a structure incorporating all thereof, or in structures embracing some part or parts of the same, without departing from its spirit or the scope of the subjoined claims.

The beam-form A illustrated in the accompanying drawings has each of its side members a fabricated of longitudinal frame elements 11, 12 and 13 suitably spaced apart and extending parallel with each other. The bottom element 11 of each of said memhers is shown as an angle iron while the other elements are shown as being approxi mately of strap form, this being preferred. These elements of each member are tied to gether by perpendicular or transversely ex tending straps 1% whose. ends preferably are electrically welded to the bottom and top elements 11 and 13, respectively, and whose intermediate parts preferably are similarly welded to the element 12. It will be noted that ribs 15 are shown as formed on the frame elements for such welding. The angle form of the members 11 protects the corners of the concrete and the other the sides.

The bottom elements 11 are connected with each other by a suitable number of links 10, hereinbefore referred to, which are pivotetd at each end thereto, whereby they may be turned from a position which is parallel, or nearly so, with each of the side members, which position they occupy in the storage and transporting position of said members, to a plane at right angles with each other, which position they occupy when the form is expanded for use.

It will be noted that the portions of the straps 1A situated between the frame elements 11 and 12 are offset inward, each strap being shown as formed with bends 16 and 17 contiguous to said frame elements. This provides between said offset portions and the inner surfaces of the elements 11 and 12, a space in each side member adapted to receive a wall element 0, which wall element when it has been inserted in said space, is framed by the elements 11 and 12 and is held in place by the cooperative action of said elements and the shoulders formed by the offsets or bends 16 and 17. Similar walls cl form the bottoms of the beam-form and are suitably supported in place, being here shown as resting on the members 11. The side members a of each form A are held away from each other at the top, preferably by cross-rods 20 having ends 21 of book form extending over the top members 13. In practice there are a number of these beam-forms employed in each ceiling or floor and they are connected with each other preferably by means of a series of open frames C which form parts of the form for the body of the ceiling or floor. Each of these frames is shown as composed of a pair of longitudinal bars 22 and 28 held apart and braced by diagonally-disposed transverse members 24. The lower longitudinal bars 22 rest upon the adjacent elements 12 of the beam-forms, and the upper bars are preferably secured to the adjacent upper elements 13 of said forms by clips 25 which are shown as being of inverted U-form to embrace the latter elements and as having apertures 26 to engage the bars 23. These connecting frames are spaced along the lengths of the beam-forms and are connected with each other between the latter by connecting and spacing rods 27 having bent ends 28 to hook over the bars 23 thereof. The lower bars 22 preferably are of T-form and their base flanges support the edges of boards or plates forming the walls 6 hereinbefore referred to. There are also associated with these beam-forms A a suitable number of girder-forms B which intersect the ends of the beam-forms The beamforms are shown as arranged on opposite sides of the girder-form. Each of these girder-forms is or may be of substantially identical construction with the beam-forms, but should be of greater depth than the same. The one herein shown has each of its side members I), 6, formed of four longitudinal elements marked 109, 110, 111 and 112, and each of its straps, marked 113, is provided with a shoulder marked 209, additional to shoulders 116 and 117 corresponding to the shoulders 16 and 17 of the beam-form, thus providing spaces for the side wall 7 additional to its walls 0 and above the latter.

When the forms are assembled, the top elements 13 of the beam-forms A rest on the top elements 112 of the girder form and the bottom elements 11 of the beam-form A preferably rest on short struts 121 of said girder form. The girder form preferably is interrupted at its junctions with the beamforms by having one or more of its longitudinal elements cut away at said places. When the parts are assembled, the side walls 0 of the beam-forms preferably have their upper edges in approximately the same horizontal plane as the upper edges of the side walls f of the girder form, while the bottom wall d of the girder frame is below the plane of the bottom wall cl of the beam frame, and both are below the plane of the bottom wall 6 of the form for the portion of the floor or ceiling between the beams and girder.

When the parts are in position for shipment, each side member a of each beam-form A is complete with its elements secured together preferably by electric welds, and each said member connected with its companion by the pivoted links 10 described. This is true also of the side members I) of the girder-form B. These members are folded together and are shipped in this form to the place of use with the walls 6, 0, d, e, and f, frames C, hooked rods 20 and 27, and clips 25 separated therefrom. The whole system is thus packed in very compact form.

In assembling the parts the forms for the beams and girders are pulled into their expanded or open condition and after they have been properly arranged and have had their side members braced by the hooked rods described, they are connected with the members or frames C and the side and bottom walls are inserted in their seats. Intersecting metallic elements may be integrally united, preferably by electric welds, if desired. Suitable reinforcing frames or bars D, D, are mounted in the beam and girder forms. The concrete E is poured into these beam and girder forms and between the same, upon the walls (Z and e filling the beam and girder forms and also filling the spaces above the side walls thereof and above the wall 6, up to a suitable dis tance above the tops of the forms. These forms permanently remain as a part of the structure, instead of being removed as heretofore, although as already stated, the walls may be removed.

The walls are preferably made of fibrous material, paper pulp or cardboard being preferred. They are also preferably so made that the inner surfaces thereof will be moistureproof while the outer surfaces will be suificiently porous to receive a protective or decorating coat of paint or paper. To this end they may be of two separate layers, as shown, by the bottom wall at of Fig. 3, the inner layer being treated in any well known manner to make it waterproof, or they may be made of a single thickness having their inner surfaces coated with a waterproofing material as shown by the side Walls 0 in Fig. 3. They may also be made of metal sheets, or tiling, the latter preferably glazed on the interior. In fact, these walls may be made of any suitable material without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In Fig. 6 is shown a modified construction to be used on arched or curved floors or ceilings. In this construction the member C, formed of bars 22 and 22 is curved or arched with the ends of the bars 22 resting against or upon the lower flanges of the eyebeamsF and a bracket G secured to the wall of the building H. The member C supports the wall 6 on which and between the wall H and the eye-beams is filled the con crete E.

While the invention is shown and described as applied to floors,ceilings, girders or other beams in its broad sense, it is to be understood that it is also applicable to vertical walls of buildings, partitions and the like.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure'by Letters Patent is:

1. A knockdown form for a concrete beam or girder, comprising a frame which remains as a part of the beam or girder and is composed of two sides each having spaced longitudinal members and transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other, links pivotally connecting a longitudinal member of one side of the frame with the corresponding member of the other side of the frame, the latter longitudinal members being of angle-bar formation and arranged to protect corners of the concrete, each side member of the frame having a wall separable therefrom, and a wall extending from one side member to the other and separable therefrom.

2. Aknockdown form for concrete girders or beams, having side members, pivoted connections between said members whereby they are relatively movable, each of said members comprising a skeleton frame formed of spaced longitudinal and trans.-

verse members and a wall separable from the frame, means for holding the side members in a spaced relation when they are in position for use, and a bottom wall extending from one side member to the other and supported thereby when the form is assembled, the latter wall being separable from said members.

3. A form for concrete construction comprising side frames each of which has spaced longitudinal members and transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other, separately formed walls between the same, said transverse members being offset from the longitudinal members between their places of securement thereto to accommodate said walls, the adja cent faces of the walls and transverse mem bers being in contact with each other, and a bottom wall extending from one side frame to the other.

a. A form for concrete construction comprising a skeleton frame and walls formed separately from the frame and supported thereby, said frame comprising intersecting longitudinal and transverse members which are electrically welded together at their places of intersection, the transverse members being offset inward between the intersecting points with the longitudinal members to provide a pocket for the Walls be tween the longitudinal and transverse mem bers, the transverse members being in contact with the said walls.

5. A form for concrete construction, comprising a skeleton frame composed of longitudinal members and transverse members connecting the longitudinal members together, said members being relatively formed to provide offsets forming pockets, side walls in said pockets, the lower longitudinal members being approximately of L form, and a bottom wall supported thereby, the transverse members extending above said side walls, whereby the form has latorally open spaces above its side walls.

6. In a form for a concrete floor construction, a skeleton frame formed of connected transverse and longitudinal elements, said frame having seats situated in the lower portion thereof for removable walls, side and bottom walls mounted on said seats, the plane of the upper edges of the side walls being situated below the plane of the tops of the frame and spaced therefrom.

7. In a form for a concrete floor construction, a skeleton frame comprising two sides having a bottom wall arranged between their lower edges, each of said sides comprising spaced longitudinal members and spaced transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other, said transverse members of each side having offsets in the lower portion thereof to form a seat for a side wall, said walls terminating at their upper edges below the plane of the tops of the frame-sides.

8. In a form for a concrete floor construction, a skeleton frame formed of two sides having a bottom wall arranged between their lower edges, each of said sides comprising a series of spaced longitudinal members and spaced transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other the said transverse members being off set to receive a wall, and a wall for each of said sides extending longitudinally thereof and mounted in the space formed by the offset.

9. In a form for a concrete floor construction, a skeleton frame formed of two sides having a bottom wall arranged between their lower edges, each of said sides comprising a series of spaced longitudinal members and spaced transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other the said transverse members being ofiset to receive a wall, and a wall for each of said sides extending longitudinally thereof and slidably mounted therein and held against inward displacement by said transverse members.

10. In a form for a concrete floor construction, a plurality of spaced beam molds whose lower portions are laterally closed and whose upper portions are laterally open, each of said molds being formed of two sides having a bottom wall arranged between their lower edges, each of said sides comprising a series of three or more spaced longitudinal members and spaced transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other, and a wall for each of said sides extending longitudinally thereof and mounted between the middle and lower longitudinal members of the same, a series of spaced members extending from a beam mold to the next one with their lower edges upon the inner middle longitudinal members of the beam molds, and a wall extending between the lower portions of said last mentioned series of spaced members and forming with the latter a mold for the portion of the floor between said beam-molds.

11. A. form for concrete construction, comprising a connected series of molds for beams, and a mold for a beam or girder intersected by said beam-molds; each of said molds comprising opposite side frames each composed of spaced longitudinal members, spaced transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other and a wall whose upper edge is below the top of the frame and spaced therefrom each mold also having a bottom wall arranged between its side frames; the means connecting the first-mentioned molds with each other comprising skeleton frames, and a bottom wall between said frames, said frames and wall being adapted to form a mold for the body of the structure; the firstmentioned molds having open ends through which their interiors communicate with the second-mentioned mold above the side wall of the latter, and the spaces between connecting skeleton frames being open to the first-mentioned molds above the side walls of the latter.

12. A knockdown form for concrete construction comprising a mold for a main beam or girder, said mold having a pair of side frames, a separable wall in each of said frames and a separable bottom wall between the frames, and also having means for holding the side frames in a spaced relation for use; a plurality of collapsible and expansible beam molds intersecting the first-mentioned mold and each comprising a pair of side frames each having a separable wall, means for holding the side frames of each beam in a spaced relation for use, and a separable bottom wall between each pair of side frames; a series of spaced members connecting the latter molds with each other; means for separably attaching the latter members and molds together; and bottom walls extending between said latter members and separable therefrom and forming therewith a mold for the body of the construction.

13. A knockdown form for concrete construction comprising a pair of separable members each of which forms a side of a mold for a main beam or girder; a plurality of pairs of separable members spaced along the length of said mold and extending at an angle therewith, for forming a plurality of beam molds; the sides of each of said mold members each comprising a series of spaced longitudinal members, spaced transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other and a wall mounted between the middle and the lower longitudinal members, the upper portions of the molds being open and the open portions of the second-mentioned mold registering with the open portion of the first-mentioned mold; each of said molds also comprising a separable bottom wall; a series of separable skeleton beam-connecting members whose lower ends are contiguous to the middle longitudinal members of the second mentioned beam molds, means vfor attaching the ends of the beam-connecting members to the sides of the beam molds; and a wall extending between said connecting members at the lower ends thereof, said wall being separable from said members and forming therewith a mold for the part of the structure between said beam molds.

14. In a form for a concrete floor construction, a mold for a main beam or girder, composed of opposite side frames comprising spaced longitudinal members, a series of transverse members connecting the longitudinal members with each other and a wall arranged between a middle longitudinal member and a lower longitudinal member, the upper part being open, said mold also having a bottom wall; combined with another beam mold, intersecting the first and having an open end which registers with the open upper side of the latter.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand at the city, county and State of New York, this 20th day of June, 1910.

JULIAN O. ELLINGER.

In presence of A. O. OCONNELL, I. R. RICHARDS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

